Sadikov Institute of Biorganic Chemistry, Tashkent

Abdullaev str., 83, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
tel: (998 71) 1623540, 1627062, 1627063; fax: (998 71) 1627071

A.S.Sadykov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of Republic Uzbekistan was established in 1977. The institute is an unique scientific center in the Central Asia, conducting activities in the field of bioorganic chemistry.

A scientific activity of the institute:

studying of bioorganic processes in animal and plant organisms;
structure-function dependence of biologically - active substances;
creation of non-polluting means of plants protection;
development of high technological processing of by-products isolated from animals and plants.

    There are more 200 personnel in 10 laboratories of Institute including 75 scientific workers. Among them are 3 academicians, 19 doctors and 35 candidates of sciences.

    The important results were achieved on studying of structure and function of hormone binding fibers of cotton at a research of growth and development processes of a cotton. Receptors of phytohormones from cotton are isolated and their physical and chemical properties are investigated. Their regulatory role is proved in a leaf fall of cotton. Molecular mechanisms of processes are investigated at defoliation of cotton and parameters for choice of the compounds, possessing defoliatory and growth accelerating activity are developed.

    The role of enzyme systems in formation of a cotton fiber during growth of cotton is investigated and the molecular mechanism of process of cellulose biosynthesis is established.

    Monoclonal antibodies to membrane fibers of vegetative cells of cotton are obtained by the hybridome technologies and reactance of the prepared antibodies with lectynes and extensine resembling fibers of a cotton are investigated.

    Methods of preparation of affined materials are developed by conjugation of polymers with antibodies, proteins, peptides and various substrates, biologically active substances necessary for development of technologies of small chemistry. Methods of creation of biosensor controls for testing the contents of toxic substances in foodstuffs and in an environment are developed.

    For the first time the structure and function of components of animal venoms from Central Asia spiders Latrodectus tradecimgullatus and Segestria florentina, Vespa orientalis and germanica, as well as green toad Bufo viridis are determined and effective serums against poisons are created using toxin conjugates of latrotoxin, cobratoxin. Toxins of scorpions with the synthetic and natural polymers showing high immunogeniety are investigated.

    Methods for preparation of most important hormones and enzymes of an animal origin of calcitonin, parathormone, samostostatine, thymus peptides are developed, etc.

    For the first time combined chemical study of cotton substances is carried out and more than 100 individual compounds were isolated. Among them there are organic amino acids, high-molecular alcohols and hydrocarbons, carbohydrates, vitamins, numerous polyphenolic compounds presented by therpenoid oxynaphtaldegides (gossypol and its derivatives), flavonoids (flavonol, catehynes, antocians, leycoantocianides, proantocianides), derivatives of tocopherol, phytoalexines.

    Comprehensive studying of both chemical and physical properties of gossypol and its derivatives is carried out. It is shown that gossypol a unique substance giving clathrate inclusion compounds with all low-molecular organic substances. Single crystals of about 100 clathrates are obtained and by the X-ray method structures of one-half hundred of them are solved. Mechanisms of antiviral, anti chlamidial, immunomodular actions of medical products created on a basis of gossypol are suggested.

    From plants of Central Asia more than 40 antocian glycosides are isolated, their structures and properties are investigated.

    The pheromones of insects of Uzbekistan agricultural pests are studied. Several kinds of sexual pheromones of insect-wreckers were identified. Influence on attractiveness of pheromone components structures and their synthetic analogues, interference of pheromone components, presence in pheromone mixes of synergists, agonists and antioxidants is investigated.

    Methods of synthesis of pheromones in the following kinds of insects are developed: Agrotis segetum, Spodoptera exiqua, Lygus lineolaris, Pectinophora gossypiella, Sitotroga cerealela, Plodia interpunctella, Cryptolestes pusillus, Musca domestica, Ephestia elutella, Sitophylus granaries, Sitophylus oryzae, Plutella xylostella.

    Following new technologies:

preparation of cotton oil and an oil cake, containing traces of gossypol which is applied in 11 oil-extracting plants of the country is developed. The given technology has allowed to receive the cotton oil corresponding to the world standards, and to provide cattle breeding industries with low gossypol fodder;

more than 30 medical products on a basis of gossypol and its derivatives are produced, among which:

Megosinо - antiherpes remedy;
Gossypols linimentо - antiviral remedy;
tablets of Batridenо - immunosupressor;
Gazolidonо - anticlamidial remedy;
Ragosinо - antivirus remedy.

medical products on the basis of the plants growing in Uzbekistan:

Lagodenо - styptic (injections);
Rutanо - the inductor of interferon;
Providinо - antihypoksant.

preparations on the basis of an animal organism:

Timoptinо - immunomodulating medical product.

preparations of a synthetic origin:

Polijelо - a contact gel for ultrasonic diagnostics;
Biolonо - non-absorbent surgical string.

    Complete sets of pheromone traps against cotton pests are produced. Annually, Institute produces more than 1.5 million pheromone traps. The institute completely satisfies the requirements of cotton growing facilities of the country.

    Employees of Institute issued 15 monographs, more than 3300 scientific articles, and are holders of more than 100 patents.

    The institute is in co-operation with leading foreign scientific institutes in USA, Germany, England etc. The employees of Institute are involved to a number of the international grants such as of INTAS, CRDF, SCOPES, USDA/ARS, STCU and others.